In between those limits the output voltage in continuous conduction mode is given by: V out = -D/(1-D) For a PWM duty cycle D ➝ 0 the output voltage equals zero, and for D ➝ 1 the output voltage grows toward negative infinity. The induced voltage across the resistor R has the opposite polarity of the input voltage. The middle capacitor discharges and supplies the RC load through the inductor L 2. On-state: The current through the inductor L 1 again increases linearly and the diode blocks. Energy is transferred from the inductor L 1 to the middle capacitor C 2 resulting in a decreasing inductor current. Off-state: Since the current through the inductor L 1 can not abruptly change the diode must carry the current so it commutates and begins conducting. On-state: The current through the inductor L 1 increases linearly and the diode blocks. Consider the following sequence of the MOSFET conduction state: Compared to the Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters the Ćuk converter uses an additional inductor and capacitor to store energy. A Ćuk converter transforms a DC voltage at the input to a DC voltage at the output with reversed polarity.
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